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What Happened When Trump Was Banned on Facebook and Twitter - The New York Times

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When Facebook and Twitter barred Donald J. Trump from their platforms after the Capitol riot in January, he lost direct access to his most powerful megaphones. On Friday, Facebook said the former president would not be allowed back on its service until at least January 2023, citing a risk to public safety.

Since his ban and President Biden’s inauguration, he has posted statements online far less often. But some of his statements have traveled just as far and wide on social networks.

The reach of Trump’s words before and after his ban from social media

Each circle represents a statement made by Mr. Trump. The size of a circle is determined by the number of likes and shares the statement generated across Twitter, Instagram and Facebook on posts quoting it, including on Mr. Trump's own account before he was banned.

“The First Lady and I tested positive for COVID-19 ...”

Both President Trump’s own posts and those directly

quoting him were liked and shared 4.6 million times

on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.

“I WON THIS

ELECTION, BY

A LOT!”

4.7 million

Donald Trump

banned from

social media

“To all of those who have

asked, I will not be going

to the Inauguration on

January 20th.”

“This has been yet another

phase of the greatest

witch hunt in the history

of our Country...”

2.5 million

Posts quoting this Trump

statement on his second

impeachment got 2 million

likes and shares, even

without Mr. Trump being

able to post it himself.

“The First Lady and I tested positive for COVID-19 ...”

Both President Trump’s own posts and those directly

quoting him were liked and shared 4.6 million times

on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.

“I WON THIS

ELECTION,

BY A LOT!”

4.7 million

Donald Trump banned

from social media

“To all of those who have

asked, I will not be going

to the Inauguration on

January 20th.”

2.5 million

“This has been yet another phase

of the greatest witch hunt in the

history of our Country...”

Posts quoting this Trump statement

on his second impeachment got

2 million likes and shares across social

media, even without Mr. Trump being

able to post it himself.

Donald Trump banned

from social media

“The First Lady and I tested positive for COVID-19 ...”

Both President Trump’s own posts and those directly

quoting him were liked and shared 4.6 million times

on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.

“I WON THIS ELECTION, BY A LOT!”

4.7 million

“This has been yet another phase of the greatest

witch hunt in the history of our Country...”

Posts quoting this Trump statement on his second

impeachment got 2 million likes and shares across social

media, even without Mr. Trump being able to post it himself.

“To all of those who have asked, I will not be

going to the Inauguration on January 20th.”

2.5 million

October 2020

January 2021

“The First Lady and I tested positive for COVID-19 ...”

“I WON THIS ELECTION,

BY A LOT!”

Both President Trump’s own posts and those

directly quoting him were liked and shared

4.6 million times on Twitter,

Facebook and Instagram.

4.7 million

Donald Trump

banned from social media

“This has been yet another phase of the greatest

witch hunt in the history of our Country...”

Posts quoting this Trump statement on his second impeachment

got 2 million likes and shares across social media, even without

Mr. Trump being able to post it himself.

“To all of those who have asked, I will not be

going to the Inauguration on January 20th.”

2.5 million

October 2020

January 2021

Tallies of likes and shares come from the 100 most highly liked and shared posts on Facebook and Instagram for each Trump statement. (In most cases, there were fewer than 100 posts quoting each statement.) On Twitter, any posts quoting a given Trump statement that had at least 10 retweets were included.

The New York Times examined Mr. Trump’s nearly 1,600 social media posts from Sept. 1 to Jan. 8, the day Mr. Trump was banned from the platforms. We then tracked the social media engagement with the dozens of written statements he made on his personal website, campaign fund-raising site and in email blasts from Jan. 9 until May 5, which was the day that the Facebook Oversight Board, which reviews some content decisions by the company, said that the company acted appropriately in kicking him off the service.

Before the ban, the social media post with the median engagement generated 272,000 likes and shares. After the ban, that dropped to 36,000 likes and shares. Yet 11 of his 89 statements after the ban attracted as many likes or shares as the median post before the ban, if not more.

How does that happen?

Mr. Trump had long been his own best promoter on social media. The vast majority of people on Twitter and Facebook interacted directly with Mr. Trump’s posts, either liking or sharing them, The Times analysis found.

But after the ban, other popular social media accounts often picked up his messages and posted them themselves. (Last week, Mr. Trump shut down his blog, one of the places he made statements.)

On Oct. 8, Mr. Trump tweeted that the then-Democratic presidential candidate Joseph R. Biden Jr. and his running mate, Kamala Harris, lied “constantly.” The post was liked and shared 501,000 times on Facebook and Twitter.

On March 21, Mr. Trump published a statement on his website saying that his administration had handed over “the most secure border in history.” He went on to criticize the Biden administration’s handling of the border crisis. “Our Country is being destroyed!” Mr. Trump said. The statement was liked and shared more than 661,000 times.

Comparing how Trump statements spread before and after the ban

Posts quoting or originating each Trump statement, sized by total number of likes and shares

Left-leaning accounts

Right-leaning accounts

Mixed politics

An Oct. 8, 2020 statement with

about half a million total likes and shares

Facebook

250,000 likes and shares on 57 posts

Donald J. Trump post

253,000 likes and shares

CNN News18

Twitter

250,000 likes and retweets on 2 posts

@realDonaldTrump post

248,000 likes and retweets

@MallinenMatti

A March 21, 2021 statement with

about half a million total likes and shares

Facebook

390,000 likes and shares on 100 posts

Trending

Politics

33,000

Breitbart

83,000

President

Donald Trump

Fan Club

48,000

I Love My

Freedom

47,000

Twitter

110,000 likes and retweets on 21 posts

@JennaEllisEsq

37,000

Instagram

170,000 likes and reposts on 14 posts

Donald

Trump

Fan Page

31,000

Breitbart

77,000

Fox News

43,000

Left-leaning accounts

Mixed politics

Right-leaning accounts

An Oct. 8, 2020 statement with

about half a million total likes and shares

Twitter

250,000 likes and

retweets on 2 posts

Facebook

250,000 likes and

shares on 57 posts

@realDonaldTrump post

248,000 likes and retweets

Donald J. Trump post

253,000 likes and shares

@MallinenMatti

CNN News18

A March 21, 2021 statement with

about half a million total likes and shares

Instagram

170,000 likes and reposts on 14 posts

Facebook

390,000 likes and shares on 100 posts

Donald

Trump

Fan Page

31,000

Trending

Politics

33,000

Breitbart

77,000

Breitbart

83,000

Fox News

43,000

President

Donald Trump

Fan Club

48,000

I Love My

Freedom

47,000

@JennaEllisEsq

37,000

Twitter

110,000 likes

and retweets

on 21 posts

Left-leaning accounts

Right-leaning accounts

Mixed politics

An Oct. 8, 2020 statement with

about half a million total likes and shares

A March 21, 2021 statement with

about half a million total likes and shares

Instagram

170,000 likes and reposts on 14 posts

Facebook

390,000 likes and

shares on 100 posts

Donald

Trump

Fan Page

31,000

Facebook

250,000 likes

and shares

on 57 posts

Trending

Politics

33,000

Donald J. Trump post

253,000 likes and shares

Breitbart

77,000

Breitbart

83,000

Fox News

43,000

CNN News18

President

Donald Trump

Fan Club

48,000

I Love My

Freedom

47,000

Twitter

250,000 likes

and retweets

on 2 posts

@JennaEllisEsq

37,000

@realDonaldTrump post

248,000 likes and retweets

Twitter

110,000 likes

and retweets

on 21 posts

@MallinenMatti

Note: There were no Instagram posts quoting the Oct. 2020 Trump statement. Only includes Twitter posts that had at least 10 retweets.

The Global Disinformation Index, a nonpartisan nonprofit that studies disinformation, examined the political leanings of the top accounts sharing Mr. Trump’s statements online after he was barred from Facebook and Twitter. The group classified hundreds of accounts as either left- or right-leaning, or a mix of the two, relying on standards that it established through its work on disinformation risk ratings for news sites and other online media.

One thing that became immediately clear: Mr. Trump’s most ardent supporters continue to spread his message — doing the work that he had been unable to do himself.

The top sharers of the March post included the right-wing publication Breitbart News (159,500 likes and shares), a Facebook page called “President Donald Trump Fan Club” (48,200 likes), Fox News (42,000 likes), and Jenna Ellis (36,700 likes), a lawyer who made regular television appearances as Mr. Trump’s proxy to trumpet his debunked claims of a rigged election.

But when Mr. Trump criticizes conservatives, his remarks sometimes get picked up by both the left and right.

On Feb. 16, for instance, Mr. Trump derided Senator Mitch McConnell, the minority leader, because of Mr. McConnell’s unwillingness to back Mr. Trump’s attempts to undermine the 2020 election.

Posts quoting Trump’s Feb. 16 statement

Sized by total number of likes and shares

Left-leaning accounts

Right-leaning accounts

Mixed politics

Facebook

230,000 likes and shares on 100 posts

America's Voice News

StandwithMueller

Newsmax

49,000

Fox &

Friends

19,000

Washington

Examiner

Twitter

120,000 likes and retweets on 26 posts

@MZHemingway

@kylegriffin1

@JackPosobiec

31,000

Instagram

300 likes and reposts on 2 posts

Left-leaning accounts

Right-leaning accounts

Mixed politics

Twitter

120,000 likes and retweets

on 26 posts

Facebook

230,000 likes and shares on 100 posts

Washington

Examiner

@MZHemingway

@JackPosobiec

31,000

Newsmax

49,000

America's

Voice

News

Fox &

Friends

19,000

@kylegriffin1

Instagram

300 likes and reposts on 2 posts

StandwithMueller

Note: Only includes Twitter posts that had at least 10 retweets and only the top 100 Facebook posts in total likes and shares.

The top sharers on the right, according to the Global Disinformation Index analysis, included “Fox & Friends,” the cable news show, and the right-leaning publication Washington Examiner. On the left, the top sharers included the popular Facebook page Stand With Mueller and the CNN journalist Jim Acosta.

Many on the right shared the post while agreeing with it, while partisan pages on the left made fun of the intraparty fight. In total, the statement was shared and liked more than 345,000 times on Facebook and Twitter.

One topic from Mr. Trump that has not spread far: claims of widespread election fraud.

The Times analysis looked at the 10 most popular posts with election misinformation — judged by likes and shares — from Mr. Trump before the social media bans, and compared them with his 10 most popular written statements containing election misinformation after the ban. All the posts included falsehoods about the election -- that the process had been “rigged,” for instance, or that there had been extensive voter fraud.

Before the ban, Mr. Trump’s posts garnered 22.1 million likes and shares; after the ban, his posts earned 1.3 million likes and shares across Twitter and Facebook.

Disinformation researchers say the difference points to the enormous power the social media companies have in curbing political misinformation, if they choose to wield it. Facebook and Twitter curb the spread of false statements about the November election, though Twitter has loosened its enforcement since March to dedicate more resources to fact-checking in other parts of the world.

“As the Trump case shows, deplatforming doesn’t ‘solve’ disinformation, but it does disrupt harmful networks and blunt the influence of harmful individuals,” said Emerson Brooking, a resident fellow at the Atlantic Council’s Digital Forensic Research Lab, which studies disinformation.

Mr. Trump’s statements that got the most engagement after his ban included topics like his commentary on the culture wars (as when he urged his followers to boycott baseball), praise for particular individuals (like for the radio host Rush Limbaugh, who recently died) and attacks on President Biden’s policies on issues like the border crisis and taxes.

Now that Mr. Trump has lost both the Oval Office and his Twitter account, he has become a kind of digital leader-in-exile, Mr. Brooking said.

Mr. Trump’s supporters can refer to his statements to buttress their arguments, Mr. Brooking said, “but he’s not directly driving the agenda in the way he once was.”

Methodology

This data includes statements made by former President Donald J. Trump between Sept. 1, 2020, and May 5, 2021. Statements include social media posts from Mr. Trump’s accounts and other news releases in his own words, but they do not include social media posts of article headlines or posts reshared from other accounts. To find posts on Facebook and Instagram quoting these statements, we used CrowdTangle, a Facebook-owned social media analytics tool. We searched for posts that contained exact quotes of the first eight words or complete sentences from each statement in the post — either in text or in images.

To measure how much Mr. Trump’s words were engaged with, we selected the posts on Facebook and Instagram with the most likes and shares for each Trump statement, up to 100 for each platform (in most cases, there were fewer than 100 such posts). On Twitter, we selected all posts that had at least 10 retweets. We then added up the total likes and shares received by these posts to determine a proxy for the total amount of interaction for each Trump statement. Mr. Trump’s own posts are included in these tallies.

The Global Disinformation Index classified 880 social media accounts sharing Mr. Trump’s words after his ban on Jan. 8 as either left- or right-leaning, or a mix of the two, using standards that it established through its work on disinformation risk ratings for news sites and other online media. The index was able to classify the social media accounts that corresponded to 97 percent of all interaction data with Mr. Trump’s statements post-ban. The remaining 3 percent all had a small number of interactions

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